The management of data is ultimately about representing, capturing and processing information about some aspect of reality. Organizations, communities or individuals must determine – perhaps with the help of a data management professional – which aspects of reality contain the knowledge they need to perform their tasks. Such knowledge is represented at a fundamental by data. An organization might be interested in managing data about any number of domains, including, but not limited to:
- employee information
- customer information
- documents
- part inventories
- product orders
- service orders
- geographic or spatial information
- environmental conditions
- information systems logs
The key elements of effective data management for any organization are: data models: an accurate and flexible representation of the concepts to be managed within the organization; information systems: a technical implementation and arrangement of data, software and hardware that provides for efficient processing of the data specified in the data model; and social processes: an appropriate organization of humans which allows the information system to be used in a safe and effective manner. This chapter will explore each of these areas.
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