When valuing a company's stock, there is an important distinction which must be made between that and an ordinary perpetuity. A company has the capacity to grow, which must be reflected in the current price.
If a stock price were to valued using a standard annuity formula, it would look something like this:
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Where P0, is the price at time 0, D1 is the dividend at time 1, and r is the required rate of return. However, this clearly does not reflect the level at which a company is expected to grow. This is especially pertinent to start up companies, who may not pay any dividends for a long time, but are expected to become highly profitable in the future. A formula which takes this into consideration is as follows:
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