Type conversion functions

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Python provides built-in functions that convert values from one type to another. The int function takes any value and converts it to an integer, if it can, or complains otherwise:

>>> int('32')32>>> int('Hello')ValueError: invalid literal for int(): Hello

int can convert floating-point values to integers, but it doesn’t round off; it chops off the fraction part:

>>> int(3.99999)3>>> int(-2.3)-2

float converts integers and strings to floating-point numbers:

>>> float(32)32.0>>> float('3.14159')3.14159

Finally, str converts its argument to a string:

>>> str(32)'32'>>> str(3.14159)'3.14159'