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- Prevention costs
- training and education of personnel
- running of quality improvement programme
- preventive maintenance of machines
- review and verification of new products
- Appraisal costs
- incoming inspection of purchased materials
- in-process inspection and testing of semi-finished food
- audit of suppliers
- dumplings consumed during testing
- Internal failure costs
- non-conforming material scrap in production line
- repacking labour cost for broken wrapping
- production down time
- failure analysis and subsequent remedial action
- External failure costs
- handling and follow-up of customers' complaints
- warranty claims of contaminated dumplings
- dumplings rejected and returned by customers for broken package
- liability claims should the dumplings cause illness.
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